El Niño Could Trigger Mass Coral Die-Off on Great Barrier Reef, Scientists Warn
Scientists say a strong El Niño is building in the Pacific, threatening severe coral bleaching across the Great Barrier Reef — the world's largest reef system.
The Great Barrier Reef is facing a growing threat as a strong El Niño develops in the Pacific Ocean, and scientists warn that warmer ocean temperatures could cause severe coral bleaching across the world's largest reef system [255997].
El Niño is a climate pattern that occurs every two to seven years. It raises ocean temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific, which can affect weather and marine life worldwide [255997].
Coral bleaching happens when water becomes too warm. Corals expel the algae living in their tissues, losing their color and main food source. Without the algae, many corals starve and die [255997].
The Great Barrier Reef is already under pressure from previous bleaching events, pollution, and rising global temperatures. A powerful El Niño could make conditions worse [255997].
Researchers say urgent action is needed. This includes reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving water quality around the reef. They also call for stronger monitoring to track coral health during the coming months [255997].
The reef supports thousands of marine species and contributes billions of dollars to Australia's economy through tourism and fishing. Its decline would have serious environmental and economic consequences [255997].
Scientists continue to study how this El Niño will develop. They say early preparation and global cooperation are key to protecting the reef from further damage [255997].