AI Boom Drives Up Coal, Oil, and Gas Emissions, Study Finds

Artificial intelligence is often praised as a tool for fighting climate change. But a new wave of research points to the opposite effect. According to recent studies, AI is currently increasing greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels—not reducing them. The problem is especially visible in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany’s industrial heartland. There, data centers that power AI systems are consuming massive amounts of electricity. Much of that power still comes from coal and natural gas. AI models require huge computing power for training and daily operations. This demand is pushing energy grids to their limits. As a result, utilities are keeping older, dirtier power plants running longer. The studies conclude that, so far, AI’s net impact on the climate is clearly negative. While AI can help optimize renewable energy grids or improve efficiency, these benefits are being outweighed by its own energy hunger. Experts warn that without urgent policy changes—such as stricter efficiency standards for data centers or a faster shift to clean power—the AI boom could undermine global climate goals. For now, the technology meant to save the planet is making it hotter.