The New York Times

**U.S. Imports from China "Vanish" in Multi-Billion Dollar Trade Illusion**

usa trade China economy politics
Official data shows a sharp decline in U.S. imports from China. However, a new analysis reveals this drop is an illusion. Billions of dollars in trade have not disappeared. Instead, they are being hidden by legal accounting tricks and illegal fraud. This is done to avoid paying high U.S. tariffs. Companies use a method called "transshipment." Goods are shipped from China to another country first, like Vietnam or Mexico. They are then relabeled as products from that country before entering the United States. This masks their true Chinese origin. Another tactic is tariff engineering. Companies slightly alter a product's design so it falls under a different, lower-tariff category. The product's function remains the same. Experts call these methods a sham. They distort trade data and undermine the purpose of tariffs. Legitimate businesses in both the U.S. and intermediary countries are also hurt by this unfair competition. U.S. Customs and Border Protection reports a major increase in fraud investigations. The sheer scale of the activity suggests the published trade deficit with China is now significantly inaccurate.